Beyond EPC: The EPCM Market
For some projects, the owner wants more control than a turnkey EPC contract allows. The EPCM market provides an alternative: Engineering, Procurement, and Construction Management. In the EPCM model, the contractor provides design and procurement services and manages construction subcontractors, but the owner holds the construction contracts and retains risk. EPCM is often used for complex projects where the owner has strong in-house capabilities or when the scope is uncertain.
The broader EPC engineering procurement and construction market includes this segment. In EPCM, the contractor acts as the owner's agent, not as a principal. The EPCM market for "reimbursable" (cost-plus) contracts is common. The EPCM market for "incentive" fees (for beating cost or schedule targets) is used to align interests. The EPCM market is often used for "mega-projects" ($10B+) where no single contractor has the balance sheet or risk appetite for a lump-sum turnkey.
The EPCM market for "phased" releases (designing and building in increments) allows the owner to start construction before all design is complete, accelerating the schedule. The EPCM market for "front-end loading" (FEL) is critical; a well-defined scope is still needed. The EPCM market for "owner" teams often includes project controls and procurement specialists who work alongside the EPCM contractor.
The EPCM market for "transparency" is a key feature; the owner sees the actual costs of subcontracts. The EPCM market for "change management" is still important, but changes are owned by the owner. The EPCM market for "claims" and "disputes" can be different because the owner is directly contracted with construction subcontractors. The EPCM market for "insurance" and "indemnification" is complex.
The EPCM market is often used in the "mining" and "metals" industry, where project scope can change as orebody details are revealed. The EPCM market for "infrastructure" projects (public-private partnerships) is also used. The EPCM market for "offshore" oil and gas is common, as owners have deep technical expertise. The EPCM market for "pharmaceutical" and "biotech" plants is used for highly regulated facilities.
Looking ahead, the EPCM market will see the adoption of "integrated project delivery" (IPD) principles, where owner, EPCM, and key subcontractors share risk and reward in a single contract. The EPCM market for "digital" EPCM (with a common data environment) will improve collaboration. The EPCM market for "lean" construction methods (minimizing waste) will reduce costs. As owners seek flexibility, the EPCM market will remain a viable alternative to turnkey EPC.
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